List of acronyms - Revision history

DavidWalker at 09:50, 16 November 2019

2019-11-16T09:50:42Z

DavidWalker at 10:19, 27 October 2019

2019-10-27T10:19:51Z

DavidWalker at 10:01, 19 October 2019

2019-10-19T10:01:38Z

DavidWalker at 10:00, 19 October 2019

2019-10-19T10:00:35Z

PeterWilson at 12:47, 26 September 2019

2019-09-26T12:47:24Z

DavidWalker at 09:17, 26 September 2019

2019-09-26T09:17:20Z

DavidWalker at 09:38, 21 September 2019

2019-09-21T09:38:43Z

DavidWalker at 09:42, 18 September 2019

2019-09-18T09:42:38Z

DavidWalker at 08:23, 31 August 2019

2019-08-31T08:23:21Z

PeterWilson at 11:04, 28 August 2019

2019-08-28T11:04:43Z

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	*'''NASA''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'næsə }}) - the '''N'''ational '''A'''eronautics and '''S'''pace '''A'''dministration.		*'''NASA''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'næsə }}) - the '''N'''ational '''A'''eronautics and '''S'''pace '''A'''dministration.
		+
		+	*a '''nimby''' – the word, pronounced {{IPA\|'nɪm bɪ}}, is an [[acronym]] of ‘'''n'''ot '''i'''n '''m'''y '''b'''ack '''y'''ard’ – is a person who objects to a proposed development (such as the building of a factory or the construction of a new road) when it is sited in his or her locality but raises no objection to a similar development if it is sited elsewhere.

	*'''radar''' – '''ra'''dio '''d'''etecting '''a'''nd '''r'''anging, i.e., a system that uses very high frequency radio waves to detect the position and speed of distant objects.		*'''radar''' – '''ra'''dio '''d'''etecting '''a'''nd '''r'''anging, i.e., a system that uses very high frequency radio waves to detect the position and speed of distant objects.

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	*'''awol''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'eɪwɒl}} – '''a'''bsent '''w'''ith'''o'''ut '''l'''eave; originally used of soldiers who fail to report for duty without official permission, but now used more widely in informal speech, often jocularly, of anyone who unexpectedly cannot be found when they are wanted or needed.		*'''awol''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'eɪwɒl}} – '''a'''bsent '''w'''ith'''o'''ut '''l'''eave; originally used of soldiers who fail to report for duty without official permission, but now used more widely in informal speech, often jocularly, of anyone who unexpectedly cannot be found when they are wanted or needed.
		+
		+	*'''Benelux''' or the '''Benelux Union''' is the economic and political union formed by '''Be'''lgium, the '''Ne'''therlands, and '''Lux'''embourg. '''Benelux''' was originally established as a customs union in 1948 but became an economic union after the three countries, along with France, Germany, and Italy, signed the Treaty of Rome in 1957 to establish the European Economic Community (EEC), the forerunner of the European Union (EU), of which all three '''Benelux''' countries are members.

	*'''Comintern''' – the '''Com'''munist '''Intern'''ational, an international Communist organisation founded by Lenin in 1919 and dissolved in 1943.		*'''Comintern''' – the '''Com'''munist '''Intern'''ational, an international Communist organisation founded by Lenin in 1919 and dissolved in 1943.

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 *'''Fatah''' is the name of a Palestinian political party, currently the largest party in the multi-party Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO). '''Fatah''' is a [[transliteration]] of the party’s name in Arabic, فتح (''fath''), which means ‘opening’, ‘conquest’, ‘victory’, and is a reverse [[acronym]] of the Arabic         حركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني, '''''ḥ'''arakat al-'''t'''aḥrīr al-waṭanī al-'''f'''ilasṭīnī'' (i.e., Palestinian National Liberation Movement).
-*'''FIFA''' – pronounced {{IPA|'fiː fə} – is the usual way of referring to the  international governing body of the game of association football, i.e., the International Federation of Association Football. '''FIFA''' is an [[acronym]] of the organisation’s French name, '''''F'''édération '''I'''nternationale de '''F'''ootball '''A'''ssociation''.
+*'''FIFA''' – pronounced {{IPA|'fiː fə}} – is the usual way of referring to the  international governing body of the game of association football, i.e., the International Federation of Association Football. '''FIFA''' is an [[acronym]] of the organisation’s French name, '''''F'''édération '''I'''nternationale de '''F'''ootball '''A'''ssociation''.
 *The '''Gestapo''' were the secret police in Nazi Germany: the word '''Gestapo''' is an [[acronym]] of the German '''''Ge'''heime '''Sta'''ats'''po'''lizei'' (Secret State Police).

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	*'''Fatah''' is the name of a Palestinian political party, currently the largest party in the multi-party Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO). '''Fatah''' is a [[transliteration]] of the party’s name in Arabic, فتح (''fath''), which means ‘opening’, ‘conquest’, ‘victory’, and is a reverse [[acronym]] of the Arabic حركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني, '''''ḥ'''arakat al-'''t'''aḥrīr al-waṭanī al-'''f'''ilasṭīnī'' (i.e., Palestinian National Liberation Movement).		*'''Fatah''' is the name of a Palestinian political party, currently the largest party in the multi-party Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO). '''Fatah''' is a [[transliteration]] of the party’s name in Arabic, فتح (''fath''), which means ‘opening’, ‘conquest’, ‘victory’, and is a reverse [[acronym]] of the Arabic حركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني, '''''ḥ'''arakat al-'''t'''aḥrīr al-waṭanī al-'''f'''ilasṭīnī'' (i.e., Palestinian National Liberation Movement).
		+
		+	*'''FIFA''' – pronounced {{IPA\|'fiː fə} – is the usual way of referring to the international governing body of the game of association football, i.e., the International Federation of Association Football. '''FIFA''' is an [[acronym]] of the organisation’s French name, '''''F'''édération '''I'''nternationale de '''F'''ootball '''A'''ssociation''.

	*The '''Gestapo''' were the secret police in Nazi Germany: the word '''Gestapo''' is an [[acronym]] of the German '''''Ge'''heime '''Sta'''ats'''po'''lizei'' (Secret State Police).		*The '''Gestapo''' were the secret police in Nazi Germany: the word '''Gestapo''' is an [[acronym]] of the German '''''Ge'''heime '''Sta'''ats'''po'''lizei'' (Secret State Police).

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 *'''USDAW''' (pronounced {{IPA|'ʌz dɔː}}) – '''U'''nion of '''S'''hop, '''D'''istributive, and '''A'''llied '''W'''orkers.
-*a '''WASP''' or '''Wasp''' is a '''W'''hite '''A'''nglo-'''S'''axon '''P'''rotestant: the [[acronym]] is applied in the United States to those of North European, usually Protestant, descent, a group widely regarded as particularly privileged and influential in American society.
+*a '''WASP''' or '''Wasp''' is a '''W'''hite '''A'''nglo-'''S'''axon '''P'''rotestant: the [[acronym]] is applied in the United States to those of North European, usually [[Protestant]], descent, a group widely regarded as particularly privileged and influential in American society.
 The names of some of the major retail chains in the UK are [[acronym]]s, among them:

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	*'''USDAW''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'ʌz dɔː}}) – '''U'''nion of '''S'''hop, '''D'''istributive, and '''A'''llied '''W'''orkers.		*'''USDAW''' (pronounced {{IPA\|'ʌz dɔː}}) – '''U'''nion of '''S'''hop, '''D'''istributive, and '''A'''llied '''W'''orkers.
		+
		+	*a '''WASP''' or '''Wasp''' is a '''W'''hite '''A'''nglo-'''S'''axon '''P'''rotestant: the [[acronym]] is applied in the United States to those of North European, usually Protestant, descent, a group widely regarded as particularly privileged and influential in American society.

	The names of some of the major retail chains in the UK are [[acronym]]s, among them:		The names of some of the major retail chains in the UK are [[acronym]]s, among them:

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 *'''Hamas''' is the name of an Islamist fundamentalist organisation, which currently forms the government of the Gaza Strip. '''Hamas''' is a [[transliteration]] of its name in Arabic, حماس (''hamās''), which means ‘eagerness, ‘zeal’, ‘keenness’ and is an [[acronym]] of  حركة المقاومة الاسلامية,  '''''h'''arakat al-'''m'''uqāwamah '''a'''l-ʾi'''s'''lāmiyyah'' (i.e., Islamist Resistance Movement).
-−
 *'''NASA'''  (pronounced {{IPA|'næsə }}) - the '''N'''ational '''A'''eronautics and '''S'''pace '''A'''dministration.
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 *'''stem''' (subjects) – (subjects within the fields of) '''s'''cience, '''t'''echnology, '''e'''ngineering, and '''m'''athematics.
 *'''UNICEF''' (pronounced {{IPA|'j uː nɪ sɛf}}) is the United Nations Children’s Fund. It was formerly known as the '''U'''nited '''N'''ations '''I'''nternational '''C'''hildren’s '''E'''mergency '''F'''und, and it is the initial letters of the words in this name that produce the [[acronym]] '''UNICEF'''.

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	*'''radar''' – '''ra'''dio '''d'''etecting '''a'''nd '''r'''anging, i.e., a system that uses very high frequency radio waves to detect the position and speed of distant objects.		*'''radar''' – '''ra'''dio '''d'''etecting '''a'''nd '''r'''anging, i.e., a system that uses very high frequency radio waves to detect the position and speed of distant objects.
		+
		+	*'''SATs''' in the United Kingdom are '''S'''tatutory '''A'''ssessment '''T'''est'''s''', i.e., tests taken by school pupils at the end of years 2, 6, and 9 to assess their progress against certain nationally determined standards; while in the United States '''SATs''' are '''S'''cholastic '''A'''ptitude '''T'''est'''s''', i.e., tests taken by high-school students to evaluate their suitability for admission to an institution of higher education.

	*'''scuba''' (as in ‘'''scuba''' diving’, etc.) is a '''s'''elf-'''c'''ontained '''u'''nderwater '''b'''reathing '''a'''pparatus, consisting of a cylinder of compressed air attached to a breathing device.		*'''scuba''' (as in ‘'''scuba''' diving’, etc.) is a '''s'''elf-'''c'''ontained '''u'''nderwater '''b'''reathing '''a'''pparatus, consisting of a cylinder of compressed air attached to a breathing device.

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−	Here is a list of some common [[acronym]]s, i.e., abbreviations which are formed from the initial letters or other parts of words but are pronounced as if they were words in their own right. For more on [[acronym]]s and advice about their use in academic writing see [[Acronym]].	+	Here is a list of some common [[acronym]]s, i.e., abbreviations which are formed from the initial letters or other parts of words but are pronounced as if they were words in their own right. For more on [[acronym]]s and advice about their use in academic writing see [[Acronym]]. For a more limited set of abbreviations, you may like to consult [[Latin abbreviations\|Latin abbreviations as used in academic writing]].

	*An '''Aga''' (or '''Aga cooker''') is a type of (often very large) stove or kitchen range made of cast iron. Its name is an [[acronym]] of the Swedish firm where '''Agas''' were first produced, '''''A'''ktiebolaget Svenska '''G'''as'''a'''ccumulator'' (i.e., Swedish Gas Accumulator Company). An [[Saga\|'''Aga saga''']] is a type of novel in which the characters are prosperous members of the English middle class, i.e., individuals who may be thought particularly likely to own an '''Aga'''.		*An '''Aga''' (or '''Aga cooker''') is a type of (often very large) stove or kitchen range made of cast iron. Its name is an [[acronym]] of the Swedish firm where '''Agas''' were first produced, '''''A'''ktiebolaget Svenska '''G'''as'''a'''ccumulator'' (i.e., Swedish Gas Accumulator Company). An [[Saga\|'''Aga saga''']] is a type of novel in which the characters are prosperous members of the English middle class, i.e., individuals who may be thought particularly likely to own an '''Aga'''.