Difference between revisions of "Herzegovina"

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Herzegovina forms about a quarter of what is called informally [[Bosnia]]. The country is formally '''Bosnia and Herzegovina''', abbreviated as BiH (''i'' is Serbo-Croat for 'and') or B&H. In English, it is sometimes written hyphenated as '''Bosnia-Herzegovina'''. It is currently (2020) formed of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviated FB&H) and  [[Republika Srpska]]. The precise history of the application of the term '''Herzegovina''' is confused and erratic - for further information, consult a specialist.
 
Herzegovina forms about a quarter of what is called informally [[Bosnia]]. The country is formally '''Bosnia and Herzegovina''', abbreviated as BiH (''i'' is Serbo-Croat for 'and') or B&H. In English, it is sometimes written hyphenated as '''Bosnia-Herzegovina'''. It is currently (2020) formed of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviated FB&H) and  [[Republika Srpska]]. The precise history of the application of the term '''Herzegovina''' is confused and erratic - for further information, consult a specialist.
  
::'''''[[etymology|Etymological]] note''''': '''Herzegovina''' is derived from the German ''Herzog'', or Duke, the title assumed in 1448 by Stjepan Vukčić Kosača to replace the traditional [[Slavonic|South Slavonic]] title of ''vojvoda''.
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::'''''[[etymology|Etymological]] note''''': '''Herzegovina''' is derived from the Serbian ''Herceg'', a [[transliteration]] of thed German ''Herzog'', or Duke, the title assumed in 1448 by Stjepan Vukčić Kosača to replace the traditional [[Slavonic|South Slavonic]] title of ''vojvoda''. Kosača was ''Herceg (Herzog) of Hum and the Coast''.
  
 
The [[adjective]] and [[noun]] meaning '[an inhabitant of, or to do with] '''Herzegovina'''' is '''Herzegovinian''', in which the stress falls on the fourth syllable - 'hurts-er-gov-IN-i-an', {{IPA|ˌhɜː (*''or'' eə) <sup>r</sup>ts ə gɒv ˈɪn ɪ ən}}.  
 
The [[adjective]] and [[noun]] meaning '[an inhabitant of, or to do with] '''Herzegovina'''' is '''Herzegovinian''', in which the stress falls on the fourth syllable - 'hurts-er-gov-IN-i-an', {{IPA|ˌhɜː (*''or'' eə) <sup>r</sup>ts ə gɒv ˈɪn ɪ ən}}.  

Revision as of 16:49, 25 September 2020

The name of the region Herzegovina is pronounced in RP with the first syllable like 'hurts', or like the German Herr (near English 'hair'), the second a shwa, and the third (which carries the primary stress) like 'of': IPA: /ˌhɜː (*or eə) rts ə ˈgɒv ɪn ə/. In its own language (Serbo-Croat), Hercegovina is pronounced similarly, with a slightly 'longer' '-i-': /ˌh (or χ) ɜː (*or eə) rts ə ˈgɒv in ə]].

Herzegovina forms about a quarter of what is called informally Bosnia. The country is formally Bosnia and Herzegovina, abbreviated as BiH (i is Serbo-Croat for 'and') or B&H. In English, it is sometimes written hyphenated as Bosnia-Herzegovina. It is currently (2020) formed of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (abbreviated FB&H) and Republika Srpska. The precise history of the application of the term Herzegovina is confused and erratic - for further information, consult a specialist.

Etymological note: Herzegovina is derived from the Serbian Herceg, a transliteration of thed German Herzog, or Duke, the title assumed in 1448 by Stjepan Vukčić Kosača to replace the traditional South Slavonic title of vojvoda. Kosača was Herceg (Herzog) of Hum and the Coast.

The adjective and noun meaning '[an inhabitant of, or to do with] Herzegovina' is Herzegovinian, in which the stress falls on the fourth syllable - 'hurts-er-gov-IN-i-an', IPA: /ˌhɜː (*or eə) rts ə gɒv ˈɪn ɪ ən/.

Note
This pattern of shifting stress in words that look identical but belong to two separate word classes is quite common in English.
Quirk (1985) (Appendix I.56 B) describes the most common: "When verbs of two syllables are converted into nouns, the stress is sometimes shifted from the second to the first syllable. The first syllable, typically a Latin prefix, often has a reduced vowel /ə/ in the verb but a full vowel in the noun: He was con-VICT-ed (IPA: /kən ˈvɪkt ɪd/) of theft, and so became a CON vict (IPA: /ˈkɒn vɪkt/)" [AWE's rendition of IPA].
There follows a list of some 57 "words having end-stress as verbs but initial stress as nouns in Br[itish] E[nglish]." Note that "in Am[erican] E[nglish], many have initial stress as verbs also". Quirk's list is the foundation of AWE's category:shift of stress. Additions have been made from, amongst others, Fowler, 1926-1996.