Shine

From Hull AWE
Jump to: navigation, search


'To shine' is an irregular verb. Its forms are given here:

Base form past tense -ed participle Remarks
shine shone
shined
shone
As a transitive verb (~ 'to polish'), the past can be shined
This is one of the "the 250 or so irregular verbs" listed in Quirk 1985. The list "contains most of the irregular verbs in present-day English ... but is not meant to be exhaustive, particularly with regard to derivative verbs." AWE has copied most of the entries in that list. The verb 'to shine' belongs to Quirk's Class 6 F
Note that there is a peculiarity of pronunciation: in Britain, the past tense rhymes with 'gone' (IPA ʃɒn); in America, it rhymes with 'alone' and 'shown' (IPA ʃoʊn). Tennyson, however, writing between 1833 and 1892 in Britain, added a note to his In Memoriam (1850) which "recommended the pronunciation 'shōne'" [= IPA: /ʃeɪnn/] for section 30, line 32 (In Memoriam):
Rise, happy morn, rise holy morn,
Draw forth the cheerful day from night:
O Father, touch the east, and light
The light that shone when Hope was born.