Difference between revisions of "Marquess - marquis"
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Do not confuse the words ''''marquess'''' and ''''marquis''''. | Do not confuse the words ''''marquess'''' and ''''marquis''''. | ||
| + | *A '''marquess''' - pronounced MA-kwis, {{IPA|ˈmɑː<sup>r</sup> kwɪs}} - is a member of the British nobility with a rank between a duke and an earl. (The five ranks of the British nobility in descending order are: duke, marquess, earl, viscount, and baron.) The word ''''marquess'''' may be used either as | ||
| + | **a [[common noun]] - as in 'A '''marquess''' ranks between a duke and an earl' - | ||
| + | **or as part of a title - when so used the word must always have an initial capital letter. | ||
| + | ***Famous '''marquesses''' include: the (third) '''Marquess of Salisbury''', Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil (1830-1903), a Conservative politician and three times British Prime Minister (1885-1886, 1886-1892, and 1895-1902); and the (ninth) '''Marquess of Queensberry''', John Douglas (1844-1900), a Scottish nobleman, who in 1867 publicly endorsed the code of rules which now govern the sport of boxing and are known in virtue of his endorsement as the '''Queensberry Rules'''. (The rules themselves had been drafted in 1865 by a Welshman, John Graham Chambers.) | ||
| + | :::Nowadays the word ''''marquis'''' is sometimes used when it would be more correct to use ''''marquess'''', although historically the form '''marquis''' appears to have been more common. | ||
| + | **The wife or widow of a '''marquess''' - or a woman holding the title in her own right - is a '''marchioness''' - pronounced, with the stress on either the last or the first syllable, ma-sher-NESS, {{IPA|ˌmɑː<sup>r</sup>ʃ ə ˈnɛs}} or MA-sher-ness, {{IPA|ˈmɑː<sup>r</sup>ʃ ə nɛs}}. | ||
| + | *A '''marquis''' - in English pronounced MA-kwis, {{IPA|ˈmɑː<sup>r</sup> kwɪs}} or, more correctly, ma-KEE, {{IPA|ˈmɑː<sup>r</sup> kiː}} and in French mar-KEE {{IPA|mɑːʁ kiː}} - is a member of the French nobility or the nobility of certain other European countries. A '''marquis''' ranks above a count. The wife or widow of a '''marquis''' - or a woman holding the title in her own right - is a '''marquise''' - pronounced 'mar-keez' {{IPA|mɑː<sup>r</sup> kiːz}}. | ||
| + | *A '''marquis''' - in English pronounced MA-kwis, {{IPA|ˈmɑː<sup>r</sup> kwɪs}} or, more correctly, ma-KEE - is the equivalent title in most European countries. | ||
| + | **The word ''''marquis'''' may, like the word ''''marquess'''', be used either as a [[common noun]] or as part of a title - when so used the word must always have an initial capital letter. Perhaps the most famous '''marquis''' is the '''Marquis de Sade''', Donatien Alphonse François de Sade (1740-1814), whose accounts of sexual perversion are the origin of the word '[[sadism]]'. The office, or position, of a '''marquess''' is a '''marquisate'''. | ||
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| − | The | + | ::'''''Etymological note''''': The words ''''marquess'''', ''''marchioness'''', ''''marquis'''', and ''''marquise'''' all come from the Old French word ''marche'', which means 'the territory along the frontier or border of a country'. (This is also one of the meanings of the English [[noun]] '[[Marches|march]]', though it is usually the plural 'marches' which has this meaning.) A '''marquess''' or a '''marquis''' was originally the ruler of the territory along the frontier or border of a country. |
| − | + | [[Category:Disambig]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:Culture]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:European culture]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:etymology]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:European culture]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:pedantry]] | |
| − | + | [[Category:snobberies]] | |
| − | [[Category: | + | |
Latest revision as of 17:47, 8 April 2021
Do not confuse the words 'marquess' and 'marquis'.
- A marquess - pronounced MA-kwis, IPA: /ˈmɑːr kwɪs/ - is a member of the British nobility with a rank between a duke and an earl. (The five ranks of the British nobility in descending order are: duke, marquess, earl, viscount, and baron.) The word 'marquess' may be used either as
- a common noun - as in 'A marquess ranks between a duke and an earl' -
- or as part of a title - when so used the word must always have an initial capital letter.
- Famous marquesses include: the (third) Marquess of Salisbury, Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil (1830-1903), a Conservative politician and three times British Prime Minister (1885-1886, 1886-1892, and 1895-1902); and the (ninth) Marquess of Queensberry, John Douglas (1844-1900), a Scottish nobleman, who in 1867 publicly endorsed the code of rules which now govern the sport of boxing and are known in virtue of his endorsement as the Queensberry Rules. (The rules themselves had been drafted in 1865 by a Welshman, John Graham Chambers.)
- Nowadays the word 'marquis' is sometimes used when it would be more correct to use 'marquess', although historically the form marquis appears to have been more common.
- A marquis - in English pronounced MA-kwis, IPA: /ˈmɑːr kwɪs/ or, more correctly, ma-KEE, IPA: /ˈmɑːr kiː/ and in French mar-KEE IPA: /mɑːʁ kiː/ - is a member of the French nobility or the nobility of certain other European countries. A marquis ranks above a count. The wife or widow of a marquis - or a woman holding the title in her own right - is a marquise - pronounced 'mar-keez' IPA: /mɑːr kiːz/.
- A marquis - in English pronounced MA-kwis, IPA: /ˈmɑːr kwɪs/ or, more correctly, ma-KEE - is the equivalent title in most European countries.
- The word 'marquis' may, like the word 'marquess', be used either as a common noun or as part of a title - when so used the word must always have an initial capital letter. Perhaps the most famous marquis is the Marquis de Sade, Donatien Alphonse François de Sade (1740-1814), whose accounts of sexual perversion are the origin of the word 'sadism'. The office, or position, of a marquess is a marquisate.
- Etymological note: The words 'marquess', 'marchioness', 'marquis', and 'marquise' all come from the Old French word marche, which means 'the territory along the frontier or border of a country'. (This is also one of the meanings of the English noun 'march', though it is usually the plural 'marches' which has this meaning.) A marquess or a marquis was originally the ruler of the territory along the frontier or border of a country.
